Check this first
Check for exhaust leaks before the sensor – they let in air and fool it.
What usually fixes it
In the order a good shop checks them. Typical total: $98–$464 at $130 an hour.
Exhaust leak before the sensor
$176–$444Extra air makes the sensor read lean all the time.
Upstream oxygen sensor
$128–$350Sensors slow down and drift after about 100,000 miles.
Wiring to the sensor
$119–$252Heat-damaged wires or a bad plug break the signal.
Code titles are the generic SAE definitions. Prices are typical US parts and labor for a common car or light truck – a guide for judging a quote, not a quote. Always confirm a repair against the vehicle in front of you.